Semeru, popularly referred to as “The Great Mountain,” is the tallest and most active volcano in Java.
In June 2023, it last erupted.
Indonesia is situated on the Pacific Ring of Fire, making it susceptible to seismic activity. It boasts the most active volcanoes in the world.
The Sunda Plate, which is a component of the Eurasian Plate, is subducted beneath the Indo-Australian plate, creating the island arcs that include the Semeru volcano. This trench system is called the Sunda Trench, and the Java Trench refers to the main portion of it.
The Ring of Fire in the Pacific:
The Ring of Fire, sometimes referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a region that encircles the Pacific Ocean and is characterized by regular earthquakes and active volcanoes.
The Pacific, Cocos, Indian-Australian, Nazca, North American, and Philippine plates’ tectonic plate boundaries are followed.
Regarding Island Arcs:
These are lengthy, curved chains of oceanic islands that have been formed by extensive orogenic (mountain-building) activity, as well as seismic and volcanic activity.
An island arc typically features a land mass or abnormally shallow water that is partially contained on its concave side.
Along the convex side, there is almost usually a long, narrow deep-sea trench.
These seafloor depressions, like the Mariana and Tonga trenches (the deepest in the world), contain the lowest ocean depths.
The Kuril-Kamchatka Arc and the Aleutian-Alaska Arc are two prominent examples of this kind of geologic effect.
Volcanoes in India:
- The only active volcano in India is Barren Island in the Andaman Islands.
- Andaman Islands – Narcondam,
- Andaman Islands – Baratang,
- Deccan Traps, Maharashtra,
- Gujarat’s Dhinodhar Hills,
- Haryana’s Dhosi Hill